Category Archives: Environment

Tell the Truth!

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Tell the Truth!

On the 23rd of June 1988, Al Gore (remember him) invited James Hansen from N.A.S.A. no less, to speak to the U.S. Congress about the unprecedented heat wave sweeping across the Northern Hemisphere. This is a seminal moment in our history. Dr. Hansen told the members of congress that he and his fellow scientists were 99% sure that the record temperatures endured were not a purely natural phenomenon. The heat-wave was partly caused by human activity: The burning of fossil fuels. The speech went viral across the globe. That was the moment the world learnt about ‘global warming.’ From that moment on the campaign to limit the burning of fossil fuels began in earnest. Unfortunately that campaign, for one reason or another, has been a catastrophic failure. In the 20 years since 1989, the amount of CO2 in the sky has not been reduced, it has DOUBLED.

Roger Hallam, one of the founders of Xtinction Rebellion calls the 2016 Paris Climate Agreement “the greatest mass delusion in the history of humanity.” Now why would he go and say a thing like that, just when we were congratulating ourselves on a job well done. Roger called the Paris Climate Accord the greatest delusion in the history of the world because the accord was based on the idea of limiting global temperature rises to either 2 degrees or 1.5 degrees. These numbers were plucked out of a hat. It is common knowledge in academic circles that 2 degrees of global warming is already locked in, a fait acumpli, a scientific fact that cannot be negotiated away. So why don’t we, the poor ignorant peasants, know this fact? Because we have been lied to on a massive scale, that’s why.

Please let me explain. It is not complicated. It is simple arithmetic.

Fact 1: As we all know, the arctic is melting. 75% of the ice has been lost in just 30 years. Soon it will all be gone, but no one is particularly worried about that, unless you feel sorry for the starving polar bears. But it is not just the polar bears that will be affected. When the bright white ice recedes, it exposes dark blue water, so instead of the ice reflecting the suns rays, the sea absorbs them. The same phenomena is happening to all the snow and ice in the world. It is confidently predicted that the full effect of all this melting will be a rise in the global temperature of around 0.7 degrees.

Now, as we all know, the global temperature has already risen about 1.1 degrees since pre-industrial times.

1.1 + .7 = 1.8

Fact 2: The ‘carbon lag.’ Apparently, the co2 in the sky takes a quite a while to transfer into a rise in temperature: from 10 to 20 years or more. It has been estimated that if we stopped all burning of fossil fuels tomorrow, (as if…) the carbon lag would still increase the temp by another 0.7 degrees.

1.8 + .7 = 2.5

Sorry, it gets worse.

Fact 3: Soil carbon. (I bet you hadn’t thought of that)There is a vast amount of carbon trapped in the soil that will be released as the temperature rises, contributing another 1 percent.

2.5 + 1 = 3.5

Not to mention all the co2 we shall continue to emit from now until whenever.

Are we starting to feel a little uncomfortable yet?

So 3.5 degrees is ‘locked in’, and that is a global average. In the middle of continents we are talking about 4degrees hotter. Unfortunately for the human race, it is not possible to grow grain at these temperatures, even if the climate were stable, rather than chaotic, as it already is.

As it turns out, the serious problem of food shortages could arise a whole lot sooner than we might like. Last year was a wild and crazy year: a taster of things to come. Crop harvests plummeted by 20% right across the northern temperate zone, from North America to Eastern Russia. All the scientists got very worried, even the computers were worried, that’s how bad it was. But we didn’t worry, did we? Because we haven’t got a fucking clue what’s going on. If crops fail for 2 more years in a row, we run out of food., and that is scary. It doesn’t take Nostradamus to predict what happens when we can’t grow enough food to feed 8 billion hungry souls. It is called ‘social collapse’, and it is not pretty. ‘Civilization as we know it’ will be replaced with chaos, anarchy, mayhem, starvation and war!

Oh, and did l mention the bushfires raging constantly all over the planet all year round, don’t forget about them. Sure, we are pretty blasé about the droughts and the floods. The cyclones we can take in our stride: Not a problem. The decimation of The Great Barrier Reef, who gives a shit? But bushfires. We worry about bushfires don’t we? Bushfires scare the living daylights out of us.

No wonder the authorities decided not to tell us the truth, we might get upset.

Now, I don’t expect you to take these rather disturbing facts and swallow them whole, without a pinch of salt. I don’t expect you to think this scenario is 100% certain. But since these facts are so dire, if there were only the remotest possibility of this drama playing out, surely every sane member of the human race would do what ever it takes to avoid such a catastrophe.

What   ever   it   takes!

Well, the moment of reckoning is upon us. Will we freeze in panic, or will we rise to the occasion. I say we rise.

Now that we have woken from our slumber, don’t think we are trapped in a nightmare: One of those awful dreams where a dark force is approaching but your limbs refuse to move, your mouth opens but you cannot speak.

This is not one of those dreams.

Yes, 4 degrees may well be ‘locked in,’ so we must unpick the lock. It is absolutely imperative that we cease forthwith, to burn any more fossil fuels. Not one more gram! We have so many things in our lives, surely we can give up just three of them: Coal, oil and gas.

OK, that is the easy bit. Then we must suck all that co2 out of the sky, and lock it up somewhere safe, like in a bank vault or something. A bit like putting the shit back in the cow after it has hit the fan. It could be a messy job, but it has to be done, and it has to be done as fast as is humanly possible. Luckily for us, just about anything is humanly possible. There are billions of us sharing this amazing planet. Literally billions of incredibly creative and resourceful people, with mouths that speak and limbs that move. Surely if we all work together, with enthusiasm, compassion and joy, we can do anything, absolutely anything, even the impossible!

Let’s get cracking, there is no time to lose.

Ben Boyang            7/10/19

Join Extinction Rebellion Victoria

Roger Hallam – Time to act now.

Guilt Free Travel

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Guilt free travel!

That’s what we want, don’t we?

 

We are all know how extravagant it is to fly around the place in airoplanes, but sometimes it is unavoidable, isn’t it? Of course, the best mode of travel would be the good old train, but who wants to sit on the train all bloody day, consuming nothing but time, when we could spend our time consuming consumer items while we were consuming time at the same time, if you get my drift?

So it’s basically the car or the plane. Let’s compare them.

As it turns out, the emissions per passenger in an airoplane are roughly the same as the emissions for a car travelling over the same distance. Your standard 747 work horse, can fit about 400 average size people, if the whole plane is economy class. (or about 350 fat people) Most planes fly at about 80% capacity, that’s 320 standard size people. The plane uses about 320 times more fuel than the family car, which guzzles about 12 litres per 100ks. So we can see that one person in one car is using about the same fuel as one plane passenger. Now that beggars the question, what if we fill the car up with people? Obviously, if the car has five occupants it will be five times more efficient than the plane. This is a crucial point. The figures have a lot of variables, but taking the car will always be way more efficient than the plane as long as it has at least 2 people in it, and ideally as many as you can possibly fit. So next time you flit off to Europe – Take the car!

Now let’s imagine we have to get to Camp Binbee, in Central Queensland. Camp Binbee is a meeting place for people who want to stop the evil Adani coal mine via N.V.D.A.(That’s non-violent direst action) We decide to go by car to cut down our emissions, tick box 1, we are driving a Hyundi Gets. Tick Box 2, and we have filled all the seats in the car. Tick Box 3. But it is a bloody long way: about 2500ks from Melbourne to Bowen, the nearest town. It will take about 26 hours if we drive non-stop, so we decide to take a couple of days. But we still feel guilty about our emissions, don’t we? We really need to do something to offset them. We must assuage our guilt. It is very bad for one’s well-being to sit in a car all day feeling guilty.

We all know the token gold coins you pay at the airport are a complete joke, our guilt is not assuaged in the slightest. But luckily for us, there are a plethora of organizations vying to offset our emissions for us. I personally recommend MyClimate, and that’s not because they give me  free trips around the world whenever it takes my fancy, they actually do a really a good job, and I’m not just saying that, I’ve seen it in every country I’ve visited. The good people at MyClimate have found that the bulk of our ‘travel guilt’ accumulates in our credit card, where it can be exorcized with a mere click of a button. You may well experience a wave of euphoria pulsating through your chakras at this moment, as the burden is lifted from your soul. Yes, it’s that easy!

The standard way of generating carbon offsets is by planting trees.

1 tree will absorb 20kilos of CO2 per year. According to Quora.com we Australians generate about 20 tons of CO2 per person, per year.(and that is without the obligatory trip to Bali every year and Europe every second year). So, if you plant 1000 trees that should cover all your offsets for the rest of your life shouldn’t it? If only it were that simple. The first problem that springs to mind is: What happens when the trees die?    ( As they tend to do after about 40 years) Where does the CO2 go then? We should also ask ourselves, where the hell are we going to put all these bloody trees? There are 23 million souls in Australia, that’s 23 billion trees. Apparently we have cut down 3 billion trees in a mere 200 odd years. Well done team! So we could replace them all, and the entire country would be covered in forest and we would be reduced to eating gum leaves. But that still leaves 20 billion seedlings waiting for somewhere to grow. But if you want to go down that path you need only pay $100 to https://trees.org/ and they will plant 1,000 trees for you. Admittedly, some will have to be planted on Mars, but that’s good too. Mars needs more trees.

But surely it would be a darn site easier not to produce the emissions in the first place. (It’s hard to get the shit back in the cow after it has hit the fan, as the saying goes.) One way to stop emissions starting, would be to stop Adani’s coal mine from starting. Let’s take a little look at how this mine stacks up. Gautam Adani himself claims the mine will produce over 3 Gigatons tons (3 billion tons) of coal over the 60 year lifespan of the mine., If, heaven forbid, all that coal were burnt it would produce about 4.2 Gigatons tons of CO2. To put that in perspective, it’s a number with 9 zeros after it. 4.200,000,000 Does that help?

No, I didn’t think so. OK, let’s see what 3 gigatones of coal actually looks like: It would make a pile 365metres wide and 120 metres high. The Rialto tower is 250metre high. Now imagine all that filthy black soot being pumped into the sky, the air we breathe.

It would require 4 billion trees to soak up all that CO2, so get out your spade and get cracking!

We are faced with a stark choice: We either stop Adani right now, before he gets his foot in the door, or we plant trees till we run out of ground to put them in. So what would it actually take to convince Gautam Adani to pack his bags and piss off. How many people did it take to save the Franklin River? A few thousand determined individuals, that’s all. The vast majority of Australians are quite adamant that Adani must go. It would require less than one person out of every thousand of that overwhelming majority to get the job done. All it would take is a week or two out of our busy schedule to nip up to Central Queensland, do our N.V.D.A. training, then get out to the mine site and mill about getting in the way for a while, easy. Just like the Franklin campaign, it could become one of the defining moments of our lives. Something to tell the grand kids about over the campfire:

“What did you do in the climate war Grandpa?”

That’s when you assume a self satisfied air and wistfully reply:

“Well, Sweetie, we kept 3 billion tons of coal in the ground where it belongs.”

Then she leaps up and gives you a big hug and says:

“I love you Grandpa.”

Ben Boyang 2/10/19

If you want to find out more about taking direct action to stop Adani

go to Front Line Action on Coal

You may find it inspiring to watch this short video of Roger Hallam, who started the whole world-wide movement, Extinction Rebelion

 

Cars V Planes – Which is worse?

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CARS

 

Emissions

2.4kg per litre

12 kilometres per litre = 200 grams per kilometer

 

+fuel production

+ petrol station building and maintenance

+ car manufacture, repair & maintenance

+roads

= 260 grams per kilometer per car

   or 260kg per hour at 100kph

 

PLANES

Emissions

Fuel consumption 100kg per hour

High altitude factor x2 = 200kg per hour

+   • extraction and transport of crude oil
• inefficiencies in refineries (around 7% [30])
• aircraft manufacture and maintenance, and staff training
• airport construction, maintenance, heating, lighting etc.

To calculate and compensate for your emissions for each trip you take by car or plane Click Here

Report from the Coalface

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Have you ever thought about closing down the biggest coal port in the world?

Well we did, and we did!

A group of enthusiastic activists young and old, calling themselves F.L.A.C. (Front Line Action on Coal), put out the call around the country to come and join them in Newcastle, where the coal from the Hunter Valley is loaded onto ships and sent all around the world to be converted into black soot and pumped into the sky.

A mob of us from Castlemaine heed the call and spring into action. I come to realize I have languished somewhere between a clicktivist and a slacktivist for far to long. It is time to become an Activist!

We set off at first light for the long and boring trip. Driving over Mount Alexander as the sun rises, a pink ball shimmering in the fog, the thrill of adventure pulsing in our veins (plus a dose of black coffee). The rest of the day is uneventful; the constant threat of being crushed to death by a Mack truck keeping one from nodding off, till at last we see the sun setting on the Hunter River at the other end of a long day.

After dark we arrive at the rendezvous, to a warm welcome, complete with hot soup and fresh baked bread, mm, starting to feel at home already. There are over a hundred of us, from crusty old veterans of past battles; Roxby Downs, The Franklin River, The Vietnam War, to baby faced innocents on their first mission, all as keen as mustard. No one seems to be in charge, but we all lend a hand and things get done with a minimum of fuss. The next three days are a whirlwind of meetings and workshops and N.V.D.A. training (Non Violent Direct Action) for the upcoming events, in between eating our fill of delicious vegan food (plus some kangaroo) and getting to know a hundred strangers all at once.

We divide into groups to hammer out the details.

Like filming a remake of Gone with the Wind, where the evil Scommo ditches his long and passionate love affair with Coalene (or was it Coalette) and ends up tying the knot with the mercurial Wendy Turbine.

Shot in an hour and a half with no rehearsal; no mucking about, this mob!

My group hive off to plan our actions:

We go straight into NVDA training: lining up in two rows, face to face, and practing the art of de-escalation. We feel what it feels like to have someone yell in our faces, and learn not to get aggressive in response, but not to shrink away either. We hold our ground, then we swap roles.

Once we are fully versed in the philosophy and practice of N.V.D.A. we get to plan our actions. Over the last few days there have been sporadic actions targeting the coal trains, including a brave young teenager locking-on to a locomotive. Looking around at all these people ready to put their bodies on the line, there are people from all up and down the east coast. Proudly, there are more of us from Castlemaine than from Sydney. Altogether there are enough people to bring the whole God damn port to a stand still. Yeah!

The coal comes rolling in on freight trains over a kilometer long from all over the Hunter valley. It is stacked neatly in 5 huge piles about 15m high and as long as a coal train.(see above) Next to each stack runs a conveyer belt and a rail. On the rail runs the biggest moving machine I have ever encountered in my entire life; the stacker reclaimer: A behemoth with a giant arm that wheels about, scooping up coal and loading it onto ships. There are 9 berths for 9 ships. There is always a ship being loaded, 24 hours a day, every day of the year. The loaders never stop loading, the ships never stop shipping; 100,000 tons a day, 40 million tons a year, the juggernaut rolls on relentlessly, keeping the coal fires burning, add infinitum till the coal runs out (in about 500 years, unless they find some more, or unless someone puts a proverbial spanner in the works. That’s where we come in.) After much tooing and frowing we are all agreed that the best course of action is to target the stacker reclaimer, bringing the entire juggernaut to a grinding halt. All decisions are consensual, of course. We use hand signals to communicate, showing our approval by raising our hands and twiddling our fingers. For disapproval we do the same thing but upside down. This is part of an elaborate sign language that means we can communicate without talking over each other. Very democratic, very harmonious. Very fun!

D-Day – Saturday morning, early. We finish our porridge, synchronize our watches. Water bottle-check! Hat-check! Sandwiches-check! Nappies-check! (we could be there all day)

We hit the road, heading off into the unknown. Rumour has it there are 60 cops lurking in the shadows, ready to pounce the moment we show our faces. The entire police force is represented; The Dog Squad, the Riot squad, Search and Rescue, the Mounted Police on their magnificent steeds, there are frogmen in zodiacs zooming up and down the river, choppers buzzing overhead, scanning ever inch for suspicious activity; the whole menagerie: Basically anyone who wants to get away from the office and get a piece of the action.

The Street Theatre Group head off first and create a noisy and colourful event in the park, attracting a big crowd of curious onlookers. Naturally the Dog squad and the Horse Squad and the Riot Squad rush over there to see what all the fuss is about. The frogmen want to come too but are ordered to stay put as they would look ridiculous and put the Police Force in disrepute.

Our number one recruit Bill Ryan, a crusty old war veteran who survived the Kokoda trail (impeccable credentials wouldn’t you say?) sets off on his zimmer frame (he is 92 years old) with his faithful partner-in-crime, to lock-on to the railway track, yet again! Last time the magistrate said:

“Bill, couldn’t you take up another hobby, like fishing.”

So this time he brings his fishing rod.

Bill is quite possibly the oldest person in Australia to be arrested.

Meanwhile our gang is waiting for the call, hiding in plain sight. We sit in silence, a bit edgy, a bit anxious, just waiting till the coast is clear. Someone jumps up and heads for the nearest shrub to do a bit of ‘live streaming.’ Pretty soon there is a stampede in all directions. An old lady across the road is clearly amazed by the sight of so many bare bottoms. She picks up her mobile. Oh no, we are sprung. Quick, everyone let’s get out of here!

As luck would have it, we all manage to cross the entire city of Newcastle undetected by the best and brightest of the NSW Police Force. We all manage to scrabble under the fence of the facility and make a mad dash for the Stacker Reclaimer humming away in the distance, scooping up truckloads of coal in every mouthful.

We decend on the machine like ants looking for honey, searching for the perfect place to lock-on. Ideally a shady spot, not too windy and not too dirty. But the whole thing is covered in a blanket of black soot, so we all end up looking like coal miners anyway. Our affinity group heads for the highest point. It has a commanding view of the endless mountains of coal and a glimpse of the Pacific Ocean, perfect for selfies.

Once everyone is comfortable, we stop behaving like a colony of ants and start behaving like a flock of cockatoos. Whooping and howling and singing and chanting, asserting our territorial rights over our new home. One sprightly young fellow has managed to find a cozy spot dangling from a rope at the far end of the gantry that scoops up the coal in its giant maw, looking for all the world like a giant tea bag. He immediately launches into ‘live streaming’ on Facebook; describing the situation in graphic detail while slowly panning over the mountains of coal, every minute or two encouraging the viewers to share the stream. After a couple of hours of non-stop streaming there are over seventy thousand viewers. Wow, these young people really know how to use social media!

After a while, just when we are starting to get bored, the cops arrive, en mass; lights flashing, sirens wailing, a convoy of black SUVs with tinted windows, crammed with men in black uniforms wearing tinted sunglasses. Quite a spectacle! Eventually, after much coming up and going down and huddling together and gesticulating and talking authoritatively, they make their move. The first onslaught is the crack team of negotiators specially trained in the art of psychological warfare, flown in by chopper from the latest global hot-spot. But they are no match for our crack team of trouble makers; everyone from young ingénues fresh out of high school, to a phalanx ofcrusty old grandparents anxious about the future of their many grandchildren; a formidable combination!

The next wave is the riot squad, six burly blokes, all in black, boots polished, shirts ironed, bristling with the latest high tech gadgets. They don’t actually have much to say, preferring to mill about scowling menacingly. No results. Time to deploy Search and Rescue; six burly blokes all in white (to match the riot squad, no doubt.) An angle grinder is produced. It is turned on. It makes a load noise.(that should scare the living daylights out of them) Their leader explains in graphic detail how painful the procedure can be. Safety cannot be guaranteed. Permanent disfigurement is a real possibility. Our brave captives do not flinch, their resolve does not waver for a moment, knowing full well it is all bluff and bluster. The Grinder must be deployed. Sparks fly, metal heats up. It is getting scary. We are covered in blankets, strapped down so we can’t move. We can’t see the grinder just centimetres from our fingers, we can’t feel the sparks cascading down the blanket, but we are getting sprayed with water so we don’t get burnt. Despite all that bluff and bluster the rescue team are actually trained not to hurt anyone, which they manage to do by and large, with a couple of painful exceptions. (Their adversaries are not after all, hardened criminals, but harmless protesters.)

Search and Rescue have brought only one small angle grinder. Maybe only one person is trained to use an angle grinder. (They can be dangerous if handled inappropriately) Or maybe they have pretty strict fiscal restraints in their department, what with the budget deficit and all. There are 26 people locked on, so the entire operation ends up taking all bloody day, which suits us fine.

Eventually we are hauled off to the cop shop to be processed, like cheese. The poor staff have to spend hours filling out boring paper work, all generated by their colleagues, outside all day having fun, except for the Riot Squad who seemed palpably chagrined at the extreme lack of riots.

We manage to keep our spirits up in the cells by singing silly songs and playing silly games, and then it is all over. A day well spent, a job well done. Yeah team!

All the 26 activists charged, including my daughter, were released on bail to appear in front of the crusty old Magistrate in early October, so stay tuned for the next exciting episode.

Ben Laycock, crusty old activist 2018

If you want to join Central Victoria Climate Action click Here

Or ring Trevor on 0412 250 392

If you want to follow F.L.A.C. Click here Here

If you want to see the live stream from Max, doing ‘the teabag’ click Here

 

 

Safe Cars or Safe Climate – The choice is yours

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We all want our kids to be safe, don’t we? That’s why we drive them to school in G.H.S.U.V.s(great hulking sports utility vehicles), rather than let them run the gauntlet of kidnappers and pedophiles lurking behind every bush, not to mention G.H.S.U.V.s hogging the roads. But don’t you think that’s a little selfish? Yes, your child will be safer inside your G.H.S.U.V. but the children in the other car you may crash into, the small family car, has far less chance of emerging unscathed.

Whilst we are in thinking mode, it is worth comparing the manifold dangers our offspring will face in their lifetime. Car accidents could turn out to be the least of their worries. We are all inured to those graphic T.A.C. adds. We can imagine our grizzly fate in gory detail, but we find it far more difficult to imagine the world that awaits our blessed little sprogs if things go pear shaped. We are just starting to see a few teasers pop up on the screen, for the action packed sci/fi thriller to come.(soon to be relabeled ‘Documentary’) Bushfires are breaking out at any time of the year, even the depths of winter, and in the most unlikely places, like inside the Arctic Circle. The droughts are getting drier and storms are getting stormier. People are on the move all over the world, mainly from there to here. The trickle of refugees that has snuck past Peter Dutton could soon become a tsunami of humans invading the more habitable parts of the world, such as dry land, especially vast empty continents full of fat kangaroos, if you get my drift. (Bangladesh has a population of 150 million souls and they are breeding like Catholics, even though they are Muslims. Almost half of them live on land that is less than 10 metres above sea level. Think about it!)

So, if our little cherubs are lucky enough to escape death by motor car, there is every possibility they will live to see the next century, if, and only if

they can overcome the enormous challenge that await them. Something those of us born in the last century have utterly failed to do. We shall be handing over the baton to the next generation just as we watch Runaway Global Warming sprint off into the distance.

…and that is the view of an optimist. I don’t mean to be alarmist, but there are other, far more alarming scenarios emerging with monotonous regularity.

Why only last week The Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America* no less, released a report finding that the tipping point for the creation of a ‘hothouse earth’ (4-5 degrees above preindustrial levels) could very well be as low as 2 degrees above preindustrial levels. We are already 1 degree above. We could reach 2 degrees within the next 10 to 20 years if we don’t pull our finger out.

A ‘hothouse earth’ would mean a sea level rise of 60 metres, and a rise in temperature that would make it extremely difficult to survive outside Antarctica. Ticket to Mars anybody?

So those of us born in a bygone era of peace and prosperity may well be faced with the consequences of our inaction being played out right before our very eyes, our very cloudy eyes, as we languish in our nursing homes unable to lift a finger to help our progeny tackle the momentous task thrust upon them. One can only hope they haven’t introduced Involuntary Euthanasia by then.

*for details go to:

http://www.pnas.org/content/115/33/8252

Ben Laycock 2018

Climate, Bushfires & Doubt

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ARE YOU A CLIMATE SCEPTIC?

Even if you have your doubts about the science, can you really afford the risk of being wrong.

I ask you this, in all seriousness:

If 99 scientists said a bushfire was heading your way very soon,

but one lone scientist said, ‘Don’t worry about it, everything will be fine’.

Would you…

1 Put a lot of effort into fueling the bushfire?

2 Continue to go about your daily life as if bushfires did not exist?

3 Do everything in your power to stop the bushfire ruining your life?

4. Run?

 

Now, I am taking a wild guess here, but I presume you would go for number 3 or 4,

just like every other sane intelligent person on planet earth.

Now l would like you to participate in a little ‘mind altering experiment.’

We are simply going to swap the word ‘bushfire’for the words ‘climate change’

and see if we get the same answers.

Here we go:

If 99 scientists said Climate Change was heading your way

but one lone scientist said, ‘Don’t worry about it, everything will be fine’.

 

Would you….

1. Put a lot of effort into fueling Climate Change

(such as mining, selling & burning fossil fuels)

 

2 Continue to go about your daily life as if Climate Change did not exist

(unfortunately, this strategy was unsuccessful for the ostrich)

 

3 Do everything in your power to stop Climate Change from ruining your life?

( and the life of many other people, plants and animals throughout the world)

 

4 Run?

( Except, unfortunately, in this case, there is nowhere to run to.)

Adelie Penguins Perform ‘Un-natural’ Acts (from Wickepedia)

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Young Adélie penguins who have no experience in social interaction may react to false cues when the penguins gather to breed. They may, for instance, attempt to mate with other males, with young chicks or with dead females. On account of the birds’ relatively human-like appearance and behavior, human observers have interpreted this behavior anthropomorphically as sexual deviance. The first to record such behavior was Dr. Levick, in 1911 and 1912, but his notes were deemed too indecent for publication at the time; they were rediscovered and published in 2012. “The pamphlet, declined for publication with the official Scott expedition reports, commented on the frequency of sexual activity, auto-erotic behaviour, and seemingly aberrant behaviour of young unpaired males and females, including necrophilia, sexual coercion, sexual and physical abuse of chicks and homosexual behaviour,” states the analysis written by Douglas Russell and colleagues William Sladen and David Ainley. “His observations were, however, accurate, valid and, with the benefit of hindsight, deserving of publication.”[12][13] Levick observed the Adélie penguins at Cape Adare, the site of the largest Adelie penguin rookery in the world.[14] As of June 2012[update], he has been the only one to study this particular colony and he observed it for an entire breeding cycle.[13] The discovery significantly illuminates the behaviour of the species that some researchers[15] believe to be an indicator of climate change.[13]